Hafnium is used in filaments and electrodes.
Some semiconductor fabrication processes use its oxide for integrated circuits at 45 nm and smaller feature lengths.
Some superalloys used for special applications contain hafnium in combination with niobium, titanium, or tungsten.
Hafnium's large neutron capture cross-section makes it a good material for neutron absorption in control rods in nuclear power plants, but at the same time requires that it be removed from the neutron-transparent corrosion-resistant zirconium alloys used in nuclear reactors.
■ General Properties for Hafnium ○ Symbol : Hf ○ Atomic Number : 72 ○ Atomic Weight : 178.49 ○ Density (near r.t) : 13.31 g.cm-3 ○ Liquid density at m.p : 12 g.cm-3 ○ Melting Point : 2233 °C ○ Boiling Point : 4603 °C